History of Chandigarh

•  Early History 

The Beautiful city has a pre-historic past. Due to the presence of a lake,good weathers, the area has fossil remains with imprints of a large variety of aquatic plants and animals, and amphibian life, which were supported by that environment. As it was a part of the Punjab region,it had surrounded by the beautiful hills of Shivalik.it had many rivers nearby like ghaghar, koushalya etc where the ancient and primitive settling of humans began. So, about 8000 years ago, the area was also known to be a home to  the best known Civilization Harappans. 

city beautiful Chandigarh

 Modern history of Chandigarh

Chandigarh was the dream city of India's first Prime Minister, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. India was become independent  from the English rulers in 15 august 1947.the partition of Pakistan become before one day independence of India and After the partition of India in 1947, the former British province of Punjab was split between (mostly Sikhs) East Punjab in India and (mostly Muslim) West Punjab in Pakistan.The Indian Punjab required a new own capital city to replace Lahore, which became part of Pakistan during the partition.Therefore, an American planner and architect Albert Mayer was suggested  to design a new city called "Chandigarh" in 1949. The government unfilled Chandigarh of nearly 50 Pwadhi speaking villages of the then state of East Punjab, India. Shimla was the unstable capital of East Punjab until Chandigarh  was completed in 1960.

Albert Mayer, during his work on the progress and planning of the new capital city of Chandigarh, progressed a superblock-based city threaded with green spaces which emphasized cellular neighborhoods and traffic division. His site plan used natural characteristics, using its gentle grade to promote waste water and rivers to orient the plan. Mayer discontinued his work on Chandigarh after progressing a master plan for the city when his architect-partner Matthew Nowicki died in a plane crash in 1950. Government officials signed up Le Corbusier to turn out Mayer and Nowicki, who joined many elements of Mayer's original plan without attributing them to him.

Le Corbusier frame many administration buildings, including a courthouse, parliament building, and a university. He also framed the general layout of the city, dividing it into sectors. Chandigarh presenter the largest of Le Corbusier's many Open Hand sculptures, standing 26 meters high. The Open Hand is a recurring motif in Le Corbusier's architecture, a symbol for him of "peace and reconciliation. It is worked both open to give and open to receive." It represents what Le Corbusier selected  the 'Second Machine Age'. Two of the six monuments programmed in the Capitol Complex which has the High Court, the Assembly and the Secretariat, remain incomplete. These cover Geometric Hill and Martyrs Memorial; drawings were made, and they were begun in 1956, but they were never completed.

 As a Union  territory History of Chandigarh

On 1 November 1966, the newly formed state of Haryana was unfilled of the eastern part of East Punjab, in order to create a new state for the majority Haryanvi-speaking people in that part, while the western part of East Punjab retained a mostly Punjabi-speaking majority and was renamed as Punjab. Chandigarh was placed on the border of both states and the states moved to incorporate the city into their respective territories. After all, the city of Chandigarh was announced a union territory to present as capital of both states.

As of 2016, many historical villages in Chandigarh are still settled within the modern blocks of sectors including Burail and Attawa, while there are a number of non-sectoral villages that lie on the outskirts of the city. These villages were a share of the pre-Chandigarh era.